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Kaziuko mugė
Kaziuko mugė or Saint Casimir's Fair ((ポーランド語:Kaziuk)) is a large annual folk arts and crafts fair in Vilnius, Lithuania, dating to the beginning of the 17th century. The fair is traditionally held in city's markets and streets on the Sunday nearest to March 4 (Feast of St. Casimir), the anniversary of Saint Casimir's death. In Lithuanian, ''Kaziukas'' is a diminutive of ''Casimir''. Today, Kaziuko fair also features music, dance, theater performances; it attracts tens of thousands of visitors and many craftsmen from across Lithuania as well as from neighbouring countries such as Latvia, Russia, and Poland.〔 In recent years, the fair has expanded into other cities in Lithuania, Belarus, Poland.
==History and location==
St. Casimir, son of King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania Casimir IV, was canonized in 1602.〔 In conjunction with his feast day celebrations, merchants established a fair. In 1827, they received a privilege to hold the fair in the Cathedral Square. In 1901, after a monument to Catherine the Great was unveiled in the Cathedral Square, the fair was moved to Lukiškės Square.〔 During the Soviet era, the fair was held in Kalvarijos Market. In 1991, it returned to the Old Town of Vilnius.〔 It was first held in Pilies Street but has since grown to span Gediminas Avenue, traverse the Cathedral Square, and branch out into Pilies Street, B. Radvilaitės Street, passing St. Anne's Church, and the Orthodox Cathedral of the Theotokos, and into the Tymas' Quarter on the left bank of Vilnia River near Užupis.〔 It is estimated that as of 2013, the fair attracted 2,000 merchants and half a million visitors over three days (Friday to Sunday).〔
In recent years the fair has expanded into other cities in Lithuania, including Kaunas (in Laisvės alėja and Town Hall Square), Alytus, Klaipėda.〔 Similar festivals are also held in Hrodna, Belarus, the city where St. Casimir died, as well as in several cities in Poland, e.g. in Szczecin, Gdańsk and Poznań.〔 ''(Kiermasz i koncert, czyli Kaziuki po szczecińsku )'', Szczecin〕〔 ''(Wileńskie Kaziuki w Gdańsku )'', Gdańsk official website for celebrations in Gdańsk.〕〔 ''(Kaziuk Wileński w niedzielę w Poznaniu )'', Gazeta Wyborcza, Poznań.〕 A smaller version of the fair is also held by Lithuanian communities abroad, including inside the Lithuanian World Center in Lemont, Illinois.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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